Description

ABSTRACT

The limitations with traditional wheel chairs mainly include exibility, weight and limited functions. Many developments have been made in the field of wheel chair technology, but these could not aid the quadriplegics to navigate independently. Automatic wheel chair using MEMS technology enabled the head and neck mobility of quadriplegics in a cost effective manner. The position of user’s head is converted into speed and direction by the control system. MEMS sensor and arm controller are the main parts of the system. The change in direction of head is sensed by the MEMS sensor and corresponding signal is given to microcontroller. The microcontroller controls the wheel chair directions with the help of DC motors. 

EXISTING SYSTEM

• Unable to adapt to external conditions.
•  Less identification accuracy.
•  Classification techniques employed are complex.
• Time consuming and costly.

 

PROPOSED SYSTEM

• If the head tilts in forward direction, the wheel chair moves in forward direction.
• If the head tilts in backward direction, the wheel chair moves in backward direction.
• If the head tilts left, the wheel chair moves left.
• If the head tilts right, the wheel chair moves right.

 

BLOCK DIAGRAM 

Gesture control section

Robot section

BLOCK DIAGRAM EXPLANATION

The system consists of MEMS sensor, microcontroller, RF Transceiver, DC motors and driver IC. The paralyzed person will be placed on the wheel chair and sensor is placed on cap on the head. The tilt angles produced by the patients are sensed by the sensor transmit signal by RF transceiver. This output voltage of the sensor is fed into the microcontroller. The source code for the microcontroller is written in embedded C. Based on the source code the microcontroller drives the DC motors. Driver section helps to drive the DC motors simultaneously. According to the tilt angles the motor rotates in forward, backward, left and right directions. The direction of movement of wheel chair is displayed by the LCD interfaced with the microcontroller. This system increases mobility and physical support. It reduces human activity and physical strain. 

 

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

•   Microcontroller 
•   MEMS
•   LCD Display
•   RF transceivers
•   DC MOTORS(Robot)
•   L293D

 

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

•    Keil
•   Flash magic
•   Embedded C

 

REFERENCES 

[1] E.J Rechy Ramirez, “Head Movements Based Control of an Intelligent Wheel Chair in an Indoor Environment”,IEEE International Conference on Roboticas and Biometrics,pp.1464-1469, Dec.2012,doi:10.1109/ROBIO.2012. 6491175.

[2] Narendar Kumar and Vidhi,“Two Dimension Head Movements Based Smart Wheel Chair Using Accelerometer”,International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research,vol.2,issue.7,July 2014,pp.9-11

[3] V.Kumar,Vignesh S.N and Barathi Kannan K, “Head Motion Controlled Robotic Wheel Chair”,International Journal of Emerging Technology and innovative Engineering,vol.1,issue.3,March 2015,pp.176-179.

[4] Vijendra.P.Meshram and pooja.A.Rajkumar, “International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software  Engineering”, vol.5,issue.1,January 2015,pp.641-646.